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.HELP - we can help in gas chromatography (GC),
high pressure column liquid chromatography,(HPLC),
thin-layer chromatography (PLC, HPTLC, HPPLC) and easy applicable mathematical statistics for analysts.

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about the author of this Site and the head of Institute for Chromatography Bad Duerkheim

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ABT concept for GC and HPLC

ABT data calculation by IfC software for PC’s and Macintoshes. How to do it manually see TEACHWARE.

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b05 = peak width in half height in seconds, important value if correct and precisely measured

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chromatogram combination using EXPORT PGC data, EXPORT lab or process GC data and from other instruments

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chromatogram combination

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Chromatography literature, selection of a few books and article by REK

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circular PLC

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dead time tm calculation by IfC software for PC’s and Macintoshes How to do it manually see TEACHWARE

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Deans switching in GC

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eMail to the author of this site

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EXPORT = ASCII standard chromatography data file contains: tms/b05/h/integral/index values plus 2 TEXT lines

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EXPORT data and analytical precision / accuracy

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EXPORT data and line chromatograms

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EXPORT standard chromatography data file (ASCII)

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flow speed of mobile phase and separation quality numbers in GC

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flow speed of mobile phase and separation quality numbers in HPLC

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gas chromatography, quality error sources

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gas chromatography, quantity error sources

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GOOGLE search

homologues: two organic substances differing by one CH2 group: like the n-alkane n-hexane and n-heptane

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how to reach Institute for Chromatography Bad Duerkheim by eMail, fax, internet phone

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HyperCard teachware - only in Macintoshes. The latest ones need SuperCard and our reprogramming

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integration in GC and HPLC

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k = tm / ts in HPLC and in PLC are not equal values but can be correlated with an inter method standard

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LIN or LOG line chromatograms

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line chromatogram. X axis = quality axis in tms, ts, retention index, k-units; Y-axis = quantity axis in % or gram

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line chromatograms, basics

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line chromatograms, logarithmic quantity scale for wide ranging concentrations

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mini sample containers of longest lasting life time, cheap and safe

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plate structure reduction or even complete removal in PLC. It is a quantitative systematic error.

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polynomial interpolation, correct formula for quantitation and calibration

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precision of ABT data  a, b0, tm, n, peak capacity PCreal, PC15, PC45. PC = peak capacity, number of peaks.

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quantitation formula, detector formula

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reduced EXPORT files

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retention index and Trennzahl TZ

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retention index GC “Kovats” index at constant temperature and constant pressure (isocratic mode)

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retention index GC, “Kovats” index in temperature programmed or pressure programmed GC

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Rf value in PLC, a poor ‘number’ as it equals non chromatography relative time data: Rf = tm / tms

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rule of three -wrong quantitation and calibration formula as it MUST have a linear calibration line through zero x,y

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seelectivity - polarity in HPLC, mechanical adjustment - two differing stationary phases in series

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sf4, error detector for quantitative chromatography

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Standard Certainty ‘stC’ - fundamentals behind the definition of ‘stC’

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Standard Certainty ‘stC’

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standard data in quantitative analysis (X, s, N)

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Teachware, HyperCard or SuperCard based teaching and training material for the practice

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tests for detection and reduction of quantitative GC errors

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tm dead time in seconds, found by software “TMG” using isothermal homologue chromatogram

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tms non adjusted (raw) retention time in seconds, sum of residence times; tms = tm + ts,

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TRENNZAHL TZ, number of base line separated peaks within the time range of two homologues H and H+1

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ts net retention time, residence time of a substance in the stationary phase, in seconds. ts = tms - tm

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ultimative test to check for quantitatively correct results

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working range for optimal temperature selection in isothermal gas chromatography